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Woodcraft
in Nepal today is one of Nepal's best industries
and is made up mostly of family businesses that
employ a small number of laborers to help in the
production of their work. These Silpakar and Kaisthakar
families enjoy a strong local and foreign market
for their products. Most of the woodcraft industry
today is focussed on providing local people and
tourists with collectible items such as picture
frames and miniature statuettes. This is a far
cry from their works of old found at temple sites
as reminders of their great works in times past.
Woodcraft has had to endure the same fate as most
other Nepalese arts under the effects of commercialization.
Through this process it has lost a great deal
of reserved value for cases such as in religion
and architecture. Nonetheless, restoration projects
of heritage sites in the traditional style in
historic cities such as Bhaktapur, Lalitpur, and
Kathmandu have created a boom in the production
of woodcarvings and many new generations of carvers
are finding interests in this work.
Bungamati,
Lalitpur, is one of Nepal's centers for woodwork
and more than 350 family groups can be found there
involved in the craft. Along with Bhaktapur, these
centers produce high quality hand crafted work.
However, only a few artists produce large pieces
of arts as the market for them is relatively small,
they take a long time to complete and require
greater skill. It is the wood carvers' knowledge
of the malleability of woods and their tones and
fragrances that allows them to create the best
works. However, the vast majority of artisans
lack the capability to season their woods, as
they are only small-scale entrepreneurs using
basic tools. As a result, their work is tricky
to ship abroad as they can be damaged easily.
There is progress being made by The Handicraft
Association of Nepal towards the establishment
of a seasoning plant for these entrepreneurs so
that the export quality of their goods will go
up. The local market is their safest bet to providing
detailed and intact work to their customers. Wood
carved windows and doors also accommodate for
the popular local fashion in Nepalese homes. However,
the exportation of woodcraft is down fourteen-percent
say HAN statistics. Nonetheless, after papers,
garments and metalwork, woodcraft remains comfortably
seated as the country's sixth highest exported
product. According to HAN statistics, $US 444,212
in woodcrafts were exported between the middle
of July 2001 and the middle of May 2002.
Numerous
government-training programs have been created
to help encourage this industry's success. Trainees
undergo a six-month course for skill development
with which facilitates their finding jobs and
in to even become entrepreneurs themselves. There
has appeared amongst municipalities the need for
skilled woodworkers to provide good craftsmanship
to be used in the restoration of areas in and
around heritage sites. Traditional wooden carved
doors, windows and beams are needed for to the
restoration of the outsides of temples, monasteries
and houses.
Wood
sources are plentiful in Nepal and provide for
near free reign on the woods that craftsmen can
use and obtain. The exception to this availability
is daar, which is government protected by environmental
laws. Artisans prize this wood for the easy application
of detail that it allows. It is now required that
a permit be obtained in order to log these trees;
however, illegal logging does continue adding
further stress to the situation.
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